The Karabair Horse is the oldest domesticated horse in Central Asia; it has become well adapted and trained to be under the use of a saddle and in a harness. It was first developed in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
They are well known for their speed and the breed holds many records. In a long distance race of 14km, it scored a time of 22 min and 36 sec. In a race of 75km it scored a time of 3 hr and 32 min, and the records go from there.
The Karabair Breed consists of three intra-breed types, starting with basic, heavy, and then saddle; it also has eight sire lines and five mare families. The three different types all resemble each other in size but the first type is mostly used for light drafts, riding, packing, and is a little bit heavier; the second is lighter and is more commonly used for your everyday riding; the third has over time become more useful when it comes to draft work. It is a little difficult to tell the difference between the three in appearance, but the heavier one has died out over time and the other two types have more or less become one.
The Karabair is a result of a cross breeding between the Arabian and Mongol bloodlines, so it inherited a lot of the Arabians' agility, speed, and jumping ability but still is a bit less graceful. They are also known for being rather tough; some say they have powers of endurance that stretch beyond normal limits of other horses, which makes them perfect for a sport that they are used for, Kokpar, which involves winning possession of a dead goat. Although not very creative, it is very rough at times and tends to have many casualties. The other types of uses are your basic pleasure riding and driving as well as draft work.
The Karabair gained some of its recognition in military work during the pre-Christian times, serving as a cavalry horse. They were very commonly used as mounts for warriors around 600 B.C., as well as herdsman of nomadic trade.
Despite the efforts of the USSR bureaucracy, over fifty percent of the Uzkeb people, nomadic in nature, still breed the majority of the horses in the desert and shrub covered regions rather than in the collected farms that were established during communist rule.
Though it was already a quick horse, the Karabair mare was once cross bred with the Thoroughbred to produce a faster horse more suitable to compete in international racing events.
There were 1,537 stallions and 3,871 mares listed in the studbook, volumes I through IV; the Karabair Horse is zoned in certain areas of Uzbekistan Republic.
To every one hundred mares, they usually give birth to about seventy-five to eighty-five foals. The Karabair Horse is said to be the last of the original wild horses in the world.
Young Karabair horses are often broken in for racing and other events by 18 months, and then later tested on the racetrack by about the age of two or three.
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